| Properties of different PVC | |||
| Performance | PVc Universal soft PVC | PVC Soft PVC for electrical appliances | PVC Hard PVC |
| Relative Density | 1.2～1.6 | 1.2~1.6 | 1.4~1.6 |
| Water Absorption /% | 0.25 | 0.15~0.75 | 0.07~0.4 |
| Molding shrinkage /% | 1.5～2.5 | 1.5～2.5 | 0.6～1.0 |
| Tensile Strength /MPa | 10.5~20. 1 | 10.5~20.1 | 45.7 |
| Elongation at Break /% | 100~500 | 100~500 | 25 |
| Bending Strength/MPa | – | – | 100 |
| Flexural Modulus/ MPa | – | – | 3000 |
| Compressive Strength /MPa | 8.8 | 8.8 | 20.5 |
| Notched Impact Strength/(kJ/ m2 ) | – | – | 2.2~10.6 |
| Shore Hardness | A50~95 | A60~95 | D75～85 |
| Long-term Use Temperature/℃ | 60～70 | 80～104 | 80~90 |
| Linear Expansion Coefficient/(× 10-5K-1) | 7~25 | 7~25 | 5~18.5 |
| Thermal conductivity/[W / (m · K)] | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.16 |
| Volume Resistivity/·cm | 1011～1013 | 1011~1014 | 1012~～1014 |
| Dielectric Constant( 106Hz) | 5~9 | 4~5 | 3.2~3.6 |
| Dielectric Loss Tangent( 106Hz) | 0.08~0.15 | 0.08~0.15 | 0.02 |
| Dielectric Strength/(kV /mm) | 14.7~29.5 | 26.5 | 9.85~35 |
| Arc Resistance/ s | – | 60~80 | – |
Other properties of PVC plastic
(1) General Performance
PVC resin is a kind of white or light yellow powder, the relative density is 1.35~1.45; The degree of softness and hardness of its products can be adjusted by adding certain plasticizers, making soft and hard products with a wide difference. The water absorption and air permeability of pure PVC are both very small.
(2) Mechanical Properties
PVC has high hardness and mechanical properties, which increases with the increase of molecular weight, but decreases with the increase of temperature. The different number of plasticizer added to PVC has a great impact on the mechanical properties. Generally, with the increase of plasticizer content, the mechanical properties declines; Rigid PVC has good mechanical properties, whose elastic modulus can reach 1500 ~ 3000MPa, while the elastic modulus of soft PVC is only 1.5~15MPa, but the elongation at break is as high as 200%~450%. The wear resistance of PVC is ordinary. The static friction coefficient of rigid PVC is 0.4~0.5, while dynamic friction coefficient is 0.23.
(3) Thermal Properties
The thermal stability of PVC is very poor. Pure PVC resin begins to decompose at 140℃, and rapidly accelerates the decomposition when reaching to 180℃. The melting temperature of PVC is 160℃, so pure PVC resin is difficult to be processed by thermoplastic method. PVC linear expansion coefficient is small, with hard flammability, its oxygen index is more than 45%.
(4) Electrical Properties
PVC is a kind of polymer with good electrical properties. However, due to its larger polarity, its insulation is not as good as PE and PP, but its dielectric constant, dielectric loss angle tangent value and volume resistivity are larger. Its electrical performance is greatly affected by temperature and frequency, as well as the types of additives. Its corona resistance is not good, and it is generally only suitable for medium and low voltage and low frequency insulation materials.
(5) Environmental Performance
PVC can resist most inorganic acids (except fuming sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid), alkali, most organic solvents (ethanol, gasoline and mineral oil) and inorganic salts, suitable for chemical anticorrosive materials. PVC swells or melts in esters, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons and halocarbons, among which the best solvent is tetrahydrofuran and cyclohexanone. PVC is not suitable for light, oxygen and heat. It is easy to degrade and cause the change of color. The order of color change is: white → pink → light yellow → brown → red brown → red black → black.
